lesson 111 · grammar + 8 cards

the joining word ki · oziralniki – ki

relative clauses I

B1 is where short sentences join into longer ones. The workhorse is ki — one tiny word that links a clause to any noun. It never changes its shape; for object and other cases it leans on a little pronoun. About seven minutes.

⏱️ ≈7 min🔥 warm-up → 🎯 grammar → 📝 practice → ⚡ quick → 🃏 cards

warm-up

· ogrevanje — the 10-second version

one word, who / which / that — all at once

grammar

· learn the rule

🔗

the joining word ki

· oziralniki – ki

one word, who / which / that — all at once

English picks who for people, which for things, that for both. Slovene uses one invariable word: ki. Put a comma before it: človek, ki tukaj dela (the person who works here). When the relative noun is the object or sits in another case, ki stays put and a short pronoun (a clitic) carries the case: knjiga, ki jo berem (the book I'm reading — lit. 'which I read it'); prijatelj, ki mu pišem (the friend I'm writing to — 'whom I write to-him'). The clitics: object ga/jo/jih, dative mu/ji/jim.

moški, ki kuhathe man who cookssubject — just ki

knjiga, ki jo beremthe book (that) I'm readingobject → ki + jo

fant, ki mu pomagamthe boy I'm helpingdative → ki + mu

practice

· join the clauses0 ✓

🗣️To je človek, ___ govori slovensko. 💡 ki

This is the person who speaks Slovenian.

✓ ki — ki = who/which/that, invariable

🐕Imam psa, ___ je zelo prijazen. 💡 ki

I have a dog that is very friendly.

✓ ki — ki works for animals/things too

👧Punca, ___ jo poznam, živi tukaj. 💡 ki

The girl (whom) I know lives here.

✓ ki — object → ki + the clitic jo

🤝Kolega, ___ mu zaupam, je odšel. 💡 ki

The colleague I trust has left.

✓ ki — dative → ki + the clitic mu

🚗Avto, ki ___ vozim, je nov. 💡 ga

The car I drive is new.

✓ ga — masculine object clitic = ga

🏠Hiša, ki ___ vidim, je velika. 💡 jo

The house I (can) see is big.

✓ jo — feminine object clitic = jo

✍️Fant, ki ___ pišem, je bolan. 💡 mu

The boy I'm writing to is ill.

✓ mu — dative clitic (to him) = mu

📚Knjige, ki ___ berem, so zanimive. 💡 jih

The books I'm reading are interesting.

✓ jih — plural object clitic = jih

quick practice

· fast recall0 ✓

fast recall — tap the match.

🗣️who / which / that → ? 💡 ki

✓ ki — ki = who/which/that, invariable

🐕who / which / that → ? 💡 ki

✓ ki — ki works for animals/things too

👧who / that → ? 💡 ki

✓ ki — object → ki + the clitic jo

🤝who(m) → ? 💡 ki

✓ ki — dative → ki + the clitic mu

🚗it (m, object) → ? 💡 ga

✓ ga — masculine object clitic = ga

🏠it (f, object) → ? 💡 jo

✓ jo — feminine object clitic = jo

✍️to him → ? 💡 mu

✓ mu — dative clitic (to him) = mu

📚them (object) → ? 💡 jih

✓ jih — plural object clitic = jih

🔤

unscramble

· rebuild the Slovene word

the letters are jumbled — type the correct Slovene word

i k who / which / that

i k who / that

i k who(m)

a g it (m, object)

o j it (f, object)

🎴

memory match

· pair Slovene with English0 pairs

tap two cards to find a matching pair — clear the board

cards

· drill the words

tap a card to flip · 8 cards

🗣️

kee

who / which / that

🐕

kee

who / which / that

👧

kee

who / that

🤝

kee

who(m)

🚗

gah

it (m, object)

🏠

yoh

it (f, object)

✍️

moo

to him

📚

jih

yeeh

them (object)

lesson complete! 🎉

0 / 0

correct

slovenian-kb · lesson generated by 10_build_lesson.py